考试时必备的Chinese idioms (成语 chéngyǔ)，一起学起来吧？

教育 | EDUCATION / / 中英双语学习

Chinese idioms, or chengyu (成语 chéngyǔ), are an essential part of the Chinese language. Although most Chinese idioms only four characters long, they are useful for expressing a variety of different meaning hence it is common to use in contemporary Chinese.

Being able to use Chinese idioms will elevate your conversation and writing. Students might find that conversations are more interesting by express their thoughts use Chinese idioms.

Chinese idioms, 即成语chéngyǔ，是中文的一个重要组成部分。虽然大多数中文成语只有四个字，但它们有助于表达各种不同的意思，因此在现代汉语中普遍使用。能够使用中文成语将提升你的对话和写作水平。学生们可能会发现，使用中文成语来表达他们的想法，会使对话更加有趣。

在我们写文章时用成语(Chinese idioms)去表达意思、突出含义及总结论点，都是一种“提分神器”。成语就4个字，一旦学会应用得当，比写10句话都能直击要点。

今天推荐5个考试必备的华文成语，包括了中英文解析和造句，一起学起来吧？

1. 气壮山河 (qì zhuàng shān hé)

  • 中文意思：形容气概雄壮，可以感动山河。多用来形容文章、作品或人物的精神气势极为豪迈、感人。
  • 造句：将士们誓死保卫祖国的英勇事迹，真可谓气壮山河，令人动容。
  • The Chinese idiom 气壮山河 (qì zhuàng shān hé) describes a heroic and awe-inspiring spirit so powerful that it seems capable of moving mountains and rivers. It is often used to praise people’s courage, patriotism, or the grandeur of a literary or artistic work.

2. 风声鹤唳 (fēng shēng hè lì)

  • 中文意思：原意是形容惊慌时疑神疑鬼，把风吹的声音和鹤鸣都当作敌人来了。后来多用来形容人在极度惊恐时草木皆兵、神经过敏的状态。
  • 造句：失败后的他整日提心吊胆，风声鹤唳，仿佛随时都会再遭打击。
  • The Chinese idiom 风声鹤唳 (fēng shēng hè lì) literally means “the sound of wind and the cry of cranes.” Figuratively, it describes a state of extreme fear or panic, where a person is so nervous that even harmless sights or sounds seem threatening, often due to previous trauma or overwhelming pressure.

3. 风马牛不相及 (fēng mǎ niú bù xiāng jí)

  • 中文意思：原意是风中的马和牛互不相干，比喻事物彼此毫无关联，风马牛不相及常用来强调两件事完全无关。
  • 造句：你提的这个问题和我们正在讨论的主题风马牛不相及，还是先回到正题吧。
  • The Chinese idiom 风马牛不相及 (fēng mǎ niú bù xiāng jí) literally means “the wind-driven horse and the ox have nothing to do with each other.” Figuratively, it is used to describe two things that are completely unrelated or irrelevant to each other. It often appears in conversations to point out that a statement or topic is off-track.

4. 火中取栗 (huǒ zhōng qǔ lì)

  • 中文意思：比喻冒险为他人出力，自己却一无所获，甚至受到伤害。这个成语来源于一个寓言故事，说的是猴子哄骗猫去从火中捞栗子，结果猫被烫伤，而栗子却被猴子吃掉了。
  • 造句：在这场商业斗争中，他不过是被人利用来火中取栗，最后落得个赔了夫人又折兵的下场。
  • The Chinese idiom 火中取栗 (huǒ zhōng qǔ lì) literally means “to fetch chestnuts from the fire.” Figuratively, it refers to someone who takes risks or does the dirty work for others, only for those others to reap the benefits. It often implies being used by someone else and suffering loss or harm as a result.

5. 长袖善舞 (cháng xiù shàn wǔ)

  • 中文意思：形容心情开阔，精神愉快。多用于描写人在优美的环境中或摆脱烦恼、压力后的轻松愉悦感受。
  • 造句：站在山顶眺望远方，青山绿水尽收眼底，让人心旷神怡，流连忘返。
  • The Chinese idiom 心旷神怡 (xīn kuàng shén yí) describes a state of mental relaxation and spiritual joy. It is often used to express the feeling of being refreshed, calm, and uplifted, especially when surrounded by beautiful scenery or after finding peace of mind.

当然，过多地堆砌成语可能会让文章显得生硬、造作，影响阅读体验。因此，在写作过程中，要根据文章内容和语境恰当地选用成语，以达到最佳的表达效果。

有意扩展【应用中文】相关的双语词汇与知识点? 去EduRises Microlearning 跨领域学习平台试一试

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Claire Guo
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