能为作文加分的Chinese idioms (成语 chéngyǔ)

Chinese idioms, or chengyu (成语 chéngyǔ), are an essential part of the Chinese language. Although most Chinese idioms only four characters long, they are useful for expressing a variety of different meaning hence it is common to use in contemporary Chinese.

Being able to use Chinese idioms will elevate your conversation and writing. Students might find that conversations are more interesting by express their thoughts use Chinese idioms.

Chinese idioms, 即成语chéngyǔ，是中文的一个重要组成部分。虽然大多数中文成语只有四个字，但它们有助于表达各种不同的意思，因此在现代汉语中普遍使用。能够使用中文成语将提升你的对话和写作水平。学生们可能会发现，使用中文成语来表达他们的想法，会使对话更加有趣。

在我们写文章时用成语(Chinese idioms)去表达意思、突出含义及总结论点，都是一种“提分神器”。成语就4个字，一旦学会应用得当，比写10句话都能直击要点。

今天推荐5个考试必备的华文成语，包括了中英文解析和造句，一起学起来吧？

1. 外强中干 (wài qiáng zhōng gān)

• 中文意思：表面上看起来很强大，实际上内部虚弱、空虚。常用来形容一个人或事物表面风光、实则无能或不堪一击。
• 造句：这家公司虽然看起来实力雄厚，但资金链早已断裂，实际上是外强中干。
• The Chinese idiom 外强中干 (wài qiáng zhōng gān) means “strong in appearance but weak in reality.” It is often used to describe people, organizations, or things that seem powerful or impressive on the outside, but are actually fragile, incompetent, or hollow inside.

2. 外愚内智 (wài yú nèi zhì)

• 中文意思：表面上看起来愚笨，实际上内心非常聪明。形容一个人外表朴实、不露锋芒，但内心机智聪慧、有智慧。
• 造句： 他平时不多言语，看起来有些木讷，其实是外愚内智，关键时刻总能想出妙计。

• The Chinese idiom 外愚内智 (wài yú nèi zhì) means “appearing foolish on the outside but wise on the inside.” It is used to describe someone who may seem simple or slow-witted in appearance or behavior, but is actually intelligent, thoughtful, and insightful beneath the surface.

3. 饥寒交迫 (jī hán jiāo pò)

• 中文意思： 饥饿和寒冷同时袭来，形容生活极其贫困、困苦到极点。常用来描述人们在极端艰难环境中的处境。
• 造句：战乱时期，许多百姓流离失所，饥寒交迫，生活苦不堪言。

• The Chinese idiom 饥寒交迫 (jī hán jiāo pò) means “stricken by both hunger and cold.” It describes a desperate and harsh situation in which a person suffers from extreme poverty, lacking basic necessities like food and warmth.

4. 失之毫厘，差之千里 (shī zhī háo lí, chà zhī qiān lǐ)

• 中文意思：一开始虽然只差一点点，但最终的结果却会相差非常远。常用来强调在细节或起点上的小错误，可能导致严重的后果。
• 造句：在设计精密仪器时必须一丝不苟，失之毫厘，差之千里，哪怕是最微小的误差也可能造成整个系统的失败。
• The Chinese idiom 失之毫厘，差之千里 (shī zhī háo lí, chà zhī qiān lǐ) means “a tiny error in the beginning can lead to a huge deviation in the end.” It is often used to emphasize the importance of precision, accuracy, and carefulness, especially in critical tasks or decisions.

5. 失之东隅，收之桑榆 (shī zhī dōng yú, shōu zhī sāng yú)

• 中文意思：东隅指早晨，桑榆指傍晚。早上失去了，傍晚又得到了。比喻在某个方面或阶段失利了，但在另一个方面或后来又获得了成功或补偿。
• 造句：虽然他年轻时错过了上大学的机会，但通过自学和努力，最终在事业上取得了成就，真是失之东隅，收之桑榆。
• The Chinese idiom 失之东隅，收之桑榆 (shī zhī dōng yú, shōu zhī sāng yú) literally means “lost in the east at sunrise, gained in the west at sunset.” It is used to express the idea that a loss or failure at one time or in one area may be compensated by a gain or success at another time or in another area, often conveying a sense of optimism and balance.

当然，过多地堆砌成语可能会让文章显得生硬、造作，影响阅读体验。因此，在写作过程中，要根据文章内容和语境恰当地选用成语，以达到最佳的表达效果。

有意扩展【应用中文】相关的双语词汇与知识点? 去EduRises Microlearning 跨领域学习平台试一试

点击【经验分享】，了解更多关于学习、行业与职业资讯。