考试时必备的Chinese idioms (成语 chéngyǔ)，一起学起来吧？

教育 | EDUCATION / / 中英双语学习

Chinese idioms, or chengyu (成语 chéngyǔ), are an essential part of the Chinese language. Although most Chinese idioms only four characters long, they are useful for expressing a variety of different meaning hence it is common to use in contemporary Chinese.

Being able to use Chinese idioms will elevate your conversation and writing. Students might find that conversations are more interesting by express their thoughts use Chinese idioms.

Chinese idioms, 即成语chéngyǔ，是中文的一个重要组成部分。虽然大多数中文成语只有四个字，但它们有助于表达各种不同的意思，因此在现代汉语中普遍使用。能够使用中文成语将提升你的对话和写作水平。学生们可能会发现，使用中文成语来表达他们的想法，会使对话更加有趣。

在我们写文章时用成语(Chinese idioms)去表达意思、突出含义及总结论点，都是一种“提分神器”。成语就4个字，一旦学会应用得当，比写10句话都能直击要点。

今天推荐5个考试必备的华文成语，包括了中英文解析和造句，一起学起来吧？

1. 心怀叵测 (xīn huái pǒ cè)

  • 中文意思：形容一个人内心存有不可预测或不怀好意的想法，难以揣测其真实意图，常带有贬义。
  • 造句：这个人表面上看起来很热心，实则心怀叵测，大家都对他保持警惕。
  • The Chinese idiom 心怀叵测 (xīn huái pǒ cè) literally means “harboring intentions that are difficult to fathom.” Figuratively, it describes someone whose thoughts or motives are suspicious, potentially malicious, and not easily understood. It is often used to warn against trusting someone too easily.

2. 心腹之患 (xīn fù zhī huàn)

  • 中文意思：比喻潜伏在内部、关系重大、威胁极大的隐患或敌人，像是贴近心脏的重要问题，不能忽视。常用于形容一个组织或国家内部的问题或敌对势力。
  • 造句：贪污腐败已经成为国家发展的心腹之患，必须坚决整治。
  • The Chinese idiom 心腹之患 (xīn fù zhī huàn) literally means “a hidden trouble close to the heart.” Figuratively, it refers to a major internal threat or serious hidden danger that could cause great harm if not dealt with. It is often used in political, organizational, or strategic contexts to highlight underlying risks that are difficult to eliminate.

3. 心有灵犀一点通 (xīn yǒu líng xī yī diǎn tōng)

  • 中文意思：形容心灵相通，不用明说也能领会对方的意思。多用于朋友、情侣或亲人之间默契十足、情感深厚的关系。
  • 造句：他们俩从小一起长大，常常是心有灵犀一点通，一个眼神就知道对方在想什么。
  • The Chinese idiom 心有灵犀一点通 (xīn yǒu líng xī yī diǎn tōng) literally means “two hearts share a rhino’s horn and connect at one point.” Figuratively, it describes a deep emotional or mental connection where two people understand each other perfectly without needing to speak. It is often used to express mutual understanding and strong emotional bonds between close individuals.

4. 双管齐下 (shuāng guǎn qí xià)

  • 中文意思：比喻两种方法或力量同时进行，以提高效率或增强效果。原意是指吹笛时两管同时吹奏，声音更响亮，后引申为办事时两手并用、同步推进。
  • 造句：为了提高成绩，他采取了双管齐下的办法——一方面加强课堂学习，另一方面请家教辅导。
  • The Chinese idiom 双管齐下 (shuāng guǎn qí xià) literally means “two pipes played at the same time.” Figuratively, it describes using two methods or approaches simultaneously to tackle a problem or achieve a goal. It is often used to emphasize the effectiveness of a coordinated, multi-pronged effort.

5. 水深火热 (shuǐ shēn huǒ rè)

  • 中文意思：形容处境极其艰难痛苦，就像身处深水和烈火之中。常用来形容人民在灾难、战乱或压迫下的悲惨生活。
  • 造句：战争时期，百姓生活在水深火热之中，苦不堪言。
  • The Chinese idiom 水深火热 (shuǐ shēn huǒ rè) literally means “deep water and scorching fire.” Figuratively, it describes an extremely difficult, painful, or dangerous situation, as if one were caught between drowning and burning. It is often used to evoke sympathy for people suffering under harsh conditions such as war, poverty, or oppression.

当然，过多地堆砌成语可能会让文章显得生硬、造作，影响阅读体验。因此，在写作过程中，要根据文章内容和语境恰当地选用成语，以达到最佳的表达效果。

有意扩展【应用中文】相关的双语词汇与知识点? 去EduRises Microlearning 跨领域学习平台试一试

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Claire Guo
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